Case weights are positive numeric values that influence how much each data point has during the model fitting process. There are a variety of situations where case weights can be used.

## Details

tidymodels packages differentiate how different types of case weights should be used during the entire data analysis process, including preprocessing data, model fitting, performance calculations, etc.

The tidymodels packages require users to convert their numeric vectors to a vector class that reflects how these should be used. For example, there are some situations where the weights should not affect operations such as centering and scaling or other preprocessing operations.

The types of weights allowed in tidymodels are:

• Frequency weights via hardhat::frequency_weights()

• Importance weights via hardhat::importance_weights()

More types can be added by request.

For parsnip, the fit() and fit_xy functions contain a case_weight argument that takes these data. For Spark models, the argument value should be a character value.

frequency_weights(), importance_weights(), fit(), fit_xy